53‑year‑old woman who recently had a CT urogram because of urinary leakage and discomfort. The report mentions: Mild hydroureteronephrosis of the right kidney A thin communication from the right distal ureter to the vagina, with contrast seen in the vagina and perineal region (suggestive of ureterovaginal fistula) Right renal calculi (kidney stone on the right side) Cystitis – to correlate with urine examination Anterior abdominal wall hernias symptoms like urinary leakage through the vagina and some burning while passing urine. What do ‘ureterovaginal fistula’ and ‘mild hydroureteronephrosis’ mean in simple language? How serious is this condition for kidney and overall health? What treatment options are usually recommended (for example, stenting, surgery, or other procedures), and how urgent is treatment? Can the kidney swelling and stone be treated at the same time as the fistula repair? What kind of urologist or center should I consult (general urologist, uro‑gynecologist, or reconstructive urologist)? Please answer in a way a patient can understand, and mention what tests or follow‑up are usually needed.
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